Issues in Language Teaching While Teaching We Feel Tired Too

Issue in language teaching are various.We love language teaching but know many things as barrier and try to resolve that so knowing language is a thing but teaching is another fact.Teaching English – or any other language – is not easy, especially in today’s fast-paced society. Language teachers need to catch up with their students’ interests to motivate them and at the same time to offer applicable knowledge in the form of up-to-date information, texts, and means of communication. This course will help language teachers experience how to motivate students to communicate and develop all four language skills. At the same time, it will empower participants to create their teaching materials using their creativity and resources. The course will mix digital and plug-free activities to meet the expectations and interests of language teachers from different backgrounds regarding available schools and facilities. During the course, participants will explore a variety of ways to promote all four language skills including CLIL, video, photography, and ICT, as well as everyday items (real-world materials). Participants will also be given plenty of ideas on how to use a variety of media and sources to engage students providing a motivating language acquisition environment. .1. Languages are complicated To teach a language, educators usually need to have native speaker fluency, but that’s often not enough to do the job. It’s absolutely essential that educators also understand the grammatical structures that underpin all languages – this part of the job is frequently ignored and underappreciated but it’s vital for classroom success. After all, if you don’t know the difference between an adjective and an adverb or cannot provide examples of countable and uncountable English nouns if you are teaching English language, then how can you hope to explain key concepts to students? 2. Language teaching is hard work! Keeping your students engaged, interested and motivated in their learning day in and day out can be a challenge. Particularly in formal education settings (like in primary school or secondary education) where students often don’t have any choice about attending. Educators will frequently find themselves teaching different subjects to different classes across different age groups (read also our dedicated post about teaching languages to different age group). All of which require a bespoke lesson plan using a variety of stimulus to work through – teachers therefore need to be highly organised, detail-focused, creative, resilient (I could go on!) to succeed. Creating lesson plans, marking papers, writing reports and doing all of the other student analysis required is also very time-consuming. It’s important for language teachers to keep focus on language learning outcomes and to ensure that this administrative work does not take up too much of their free time. 3. Classroom management Of course, a key challenge for all educators is ensuring that all students stay on task and work in a calm and orderly manner. Yet in every language classroom and in every school, there’s always someone who seems determined to make life as difficult as possible for the teachers. Handling those students can take skill and experience. For language educators teaching their native language overseas, this does present real challenges. Just imagine that you’re trying to engage a 14-year old who is refusing to participate in your Spanish class and she’s talking to you in her mother tongue which you don’t understand. How would you respond to ensure that her behaviour doesn’t distract the rest of the class? Remember to check out our other post “6 effective strategies for classroom management” for further tips on classroom management! 4. Supporting your learners Ultimately, the role of the language teacher is to help students improve fluency in their target language, so working with individual students’ needs can present a wide range of challenges. Although teaching in higher education or teaching adults can be hugely satisfying as you help them achieve their life objectives, the classroom environment can often be serious and overly goal-oriented. This puts additional pressure on teachers as they expect top-quality teaching class after class to get the grades they need. On the other hand, teaching students in primary school usually means more time spent on behaviour management, more time spent building basic language skills and certainly more time spent developing engaging lesson plans and resources. And of course, there’s parents to deal with too! 5. Handling parents Many language teaching institutions are privately-run businesses with demanding, paying customers. Parents want to ensure that their children are getting the best education possible and that they are making or exceeding expected progress. Parents can therefore be a regular and sometimes unwelcome classroom presence for both students and teachers. Setting clear boundaries and building a positive communication and relationship with parents does therefore pay dividends. If you’re teaching overseas, it’s also important to carefully research the culture of the country or region that you’re working in. Every parent will be different, but being culturally aware can help you avoid unintentionally offending someone and causing a major diplomatic incident. 6. You’re in charge In the classroom, the teacher is in charge. You set the course of the lesson, you look after the students in your care, deliver the learning outcomes and control the learning environment. Language educators, and all teachers, therefore have a huge responsibility every time they walk into their classroom. This doesn’t suit everyone but the best teachers see this as a unique opportunity and a privilege. 7. Classroom resources Many language educators take the opportunity to use their skills to travel and to see different parts of the world. Depending on where you end up, the school may not have all of the educational technology or materials (e.g, apps, broadband, laptops, textbooks etc) that you’re used to. This can understandably come as a shock and forces teachers to rethink which language teaching methodologies they can use and the resources that they have available. In other settings, teachers may be presented with a strict curriculum or schemes of work that they must follow and resources that they must use. If you’re used to being creative in developing your own materials that are tailored to each class, then this type of environment can also present its own challenges for educators. 8. Support and assistance Wherever you teach, it’s vital that you have support and back-up when you need it. Teaching a room full of strangers a new and foreign language can be difficult, so building a network of peers who you work with is invaluable. Whether that’s for sharing teaching resources, tips for professional development, student insights and, of course, for socialising! If problems arise with students or with parents, it’s vital that your head of department and school leadership are available to help and support you. While the core principles of effective language teaching apply to teaching any modern language, including English, Spanish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Arabic or Mandarin, there may be some differences in emphasis or approach depending on the specific language being taught. However, these differences are generally minor, and the most effective teaching methods can be adapted to suit any language. For example, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), and Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) are all highly effective for teaching any language. These methods prioritize authentic communication, meaningful tasks, and contextual learning, which are essential for successful language acquisition regardless of the target language. However, certain aspects of a language might require more specific attention or focus. For instance, English has a more complex phonology and a larger vocabulary compared to some other languages, which may require additional emphasis on pronunciation and vocabulary building. Spanish and French have grammatical gender and more verb conjugations than English, which may necessitate a more structured approach to teaching grammar.

Denija And Her Gunyucholo

I have been engaged in Gunyucholo program this weekend.In Nepal, when girls turn into the age of 7 or 8 (usually 7) they are given a “GUNYO CHOLO” which is a traditional dress like the picture above which includes a cholo (top/blouse) and a sari (skirt like) and lots of jewelleries. This is to symbolise that she is slowing turning into a woman soon. It is a very typical tradition held for all Nepalese girls no matter where you are born or raised when you reach this age this ceremony will take place.This little girl here is my niece and she has officially turned age 7 and she has been given the “GUNYO CHOLO” to symbolise for “coming age of a girl”.The gunyo cholo tradition or gunyo cholo ceremony is very important in Nepal and is observed by Nepali girls regardless of where they are born or raised. It is also known as the 'coming-age-of-a-girl' ritual.Parents (especially parents and grandparents) used to give their daughters a set of conventional garments (sari or Guniu-Cholo) and do some rituals before they reached puberty in the past.By doing this, the girl is saved from having to endure a room where she can see no male members nor even a single ray of sunshine when she reaches her first menstruation cycle, which is a custom still widespread in rural communities in Nepal). This coming-age-of-a-girl ritual is usually performed at home, in front of close family and friends. During the ceremony, the girl is first bathed in holy water. Then, she is dressed in her gunyo cholo and given a flower garland to wear around her neck. Tika, a mixture of vermilion powder, banana, and yogurt) is put on her forehead by her parents or grandparents and flowers are placed in her hair as a symbol of prosperity and good luck. The young girl then performs a small puja (worship) ceremony, after which she is blessed by the elders present. After the puja is over, the girl is free to enjoy the rest of her special day with her friends and family. She will often receive gifts such as clothes, jewelry, and money from her loved ones on this occasion. It is generally given on special days like holidays or Dashain and in accordance with the lunar calendar. The young lady is given a set of traditional clothes that include Guniu-Choli, fariya, and patuka, as well as other ornaments such as lachi and sir-bandi. After that, the rest of the family puts tika on her forehead and flowers in her hair. They give her blessings with gifts and money. In this way the puja is completed, and the young lady enjoys the rest of the day with friends Here is the list of items you need for the gunyo cholo ceremony: A gunyo cholo dress Jewelry A pair of shoes Makeup items Hair accessories Nail polish and nail art supplies A gunyo cholo invitation card A gunyo cholo cake Food and drinks Songs Gifts Balloons and streamers (optional) Gunyo cholo banner Tika - a mark made on the forehead with vermillion powder, turmeric, yogurt, and rice. Mala - a garland made of flowers. Chura - red and white bangles worn on the wrists. Jhumki - earrings. Kanthi - a necklace made of beads and gold. Pote - bracelets made of silver and coral. Rings - Gold or silver rings worn on the fingers. The gunyo cholo ceremony is a time for family and friends to come together to celebrate a young girl's transition into womanhood. It is also an opportunity for the girl to learn about her own culture and heritage. During the ceremony, the girl is typically dressed in a gunyo cholo dress and jewelry. She is also given a small puja or worship ceremony. A feast is usually served afterward, which typically consists of traditional Nepali dishes Denija has been my favourite girl since birth and her presence in my family has a great value we encourage her to be happy and confident like ordinary girl.

Bratabandha is a pivotal coming-of-age Hindu ritual marking a boy's transition into adulthood within Nepali and broader South Asian culture. Also called the "sacred thread ceremony," Bratabandha traces its origins back over 3,000 years historically demarcating childhood's end around age 12 and charging new adults with societal responsibilities. In Nepal, Bratabandha carries enhanced cultural weight amidst the dominant Hindu population. The extensive rituals connect present citizens to ancestral heritage, conferring identity within the ancient caste system through the wearing of the eponymous sacred janai threads diagonally crossing the chest. Beyond just familial celebration, communities recognize the oaths of devotion to learning, faith, and dignity boys take becoming grown men who shall lead households and perpetuate traditions into the future. While the rigidity of caste identity loosens in modern Nepal, Bratabandha still echoes through the ages - transmitting timeless cultural code into masculine identity. As Nepali society evolves, so too does the integration of ancient rites of passage with contemporary realities facing coming generations. But at its heart, the Bratabandha ceremony channels the interwoven threads of being Nepali into those stepping up to shape the nation going forward. The rituals in Bratabandha vary from community to community. In Hindu communities, rituals during the Bratabandha represent the banishment of the boy (symbolization of Lord Ram’s exile) whereas, in Buddhist communities, the rituals represent the abandonment of worldly pleasures by the boy and transition to a monk (symbolization of Buddha’s retreat from worldly pleasures). During the Bratabandha ceremony, the boy is given a sacred thread, which is known as a yajnopavita or janeu. The thread is typically made of cotton or silk and consists of three strands, which symbolize the three aspects of the Hindu trinity (Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva). The thread is worn over the left shoulder and under the right arm, and it is considered to be a symbol of the boy’s commitment to his faith and his spiritual journey. The Bratabandha ceremony is usually performed in the presence of a priest or a religious leader, and it involves the recitation of mantras and the offering of prayers to the gods. The boy is also required to follow certain rituals and practices, such as observing celibacy and abstaining from certain foods, as a part of his spiritual discipline. After the ceremony, the boy is considered to be a dvija, or “twice-born,” and he is expected to follow the rules and duties of a Hindu householder. The Bratabandha ceremony is an important part of Hindu culture and is celebrated with great enthusiasm and joy by the family and community. During the Bratabandha ceremony, the boy is typically dressed in traditional Hindu clothing. This may include a dhoti, a garment worn around the waist that is made of white cotton or silk, and a kurta, a long tunic that is worn over the dhoti. The boy may also wear a shawl or a scarf, known as a chadar, over his shoulder. In some cases, the boy may also be required to wear a turban or a head covering as part of his dress for the ceremony. This is usually made of a long piece of cloth that is wrapped around the head and is worn as a symbol of respect and honour. In addition to traditional clothing, the boy is also given a sacred thread, known as a yajnopavita or janeu, which consists of three strands of cotton or silk. The thread is worn over the left shoulder and under the right arm and is considered to be a symbol of the boy’s commitment to his faith and his spiritual journey. Overall, the dress worn during the Bratabandha ceremony is typically simple and modest, reflecting the spiritual significance of the event. It is a time for the boy to reaffirm his commitment to his faith and to begin his journey on the path of dharma, or righteousness. List of things required for Bratabandha. Here are some of the things that are required for the Bratabandha ceremony: A sacred location to do the ceremony (mandap) A fire pit or 'Agni Kunda.' Wooden plank Ghee Cotton wicks Matchbox Sandalwood powder, Sandalwood paste or oil, Nauni in two brass bowls, Kush, Curd (yogurt) Ghee (clarified butter) made of cow milk Cow dung Water Flowers Fruits Rice Honey Scissors, Razors, Three pieces of yellow cloth inside mustard barley, Dubo (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers; Bermuda grass) Shrikhand Other things required for the Bratabandha Ceremony Nepali Bratabandha invitation card (Bratabandha card design) Bratabandha gifts Bratabandha dress Bratabandha banner Bratabandha decorations etc. The Bratabandha ceremony, also known as Upanayana, is an important event in the life of a Hindu boy and marks his transition into manhood. The ceremonies vary between communities but usually involve the boy reciting sacred phrases, wearing a sacred thread around his neck, and being presented with gifts by family and friends. In certain Hindu groups, the head is shaved for the ritual, indicating a purification from their old lifestyles. The baby's head is shaved except for a patch of hair (Choti) tied with a string by the priest. This ritual is performed to ward off evil spirits and bless the child with good health, long life, and prosperity. After bathing, new clothing is donned. Family and friends' presents and prayers are frequently accepted. FAQs What is the Bratabandha ceremony? The Bratabandha ceremony is a sacred Hindu ritual in which a boy is initiated into manhood. How is the Bratabandha ceremony performed? What happens during the Bratabandha ceremony? During the Bratabandha ceremony, the boy is made to recite sacred phrases known as Gayatri Mantra, which are kept secret. The boy pleads for food and money in front of a family's beautifully attired women to mark the life of a monk, which is a part of the tradition. Then, he is presented with a Janai (sacred thread) draped around his shoulder to signify that he is now a man and is ready to take on family responsibilities. What is the significance of the ceremony? The significance of the Bratabandha ceremony is that it is used to acquire the caste's ancient regulations, ceremonial obligations, and ceremonies. It is also a way for the boy to transition into manhood and take responsibility for his family. When is the Bratabandha ceremony performed? The Bratabandha ceremony is performed on the day of a specific date chosen by the family. It is usually done early in the morning. What are some of the things required for the ceremony? Some of the things required for the Bratabandha ceremony include a sacred location such as a mandap, a fire pit or 'Agni Kunda,' a wooden plank, ghee, cotton wicks, sandalwood powder or paste, flowers, fruits, rice, honey, and scissors. Why is Bratabandha ceremony necessary? What is the purpose of the Bratabandha ceremony? The Bratabandha ceremony is necessary because it is used to acquire the caste's ancient regulations, ceremonial obligations, and ceremonies. It is also a way for the boy to transition into manhood and take responsibility for his family. The purpose of the Bratabandha ceremony is to initiate a boy into manhood and to teach him the responsibilities that come with being a member of the family. What is the right age for Upanayanam? There is no age limit when you can do Upanayan, but it is usually done at a young age and in odd years. Can Upanayanam be done after marriage? An Upanayana ceremony is a solemn event that signifies the end of a boy's adolescence and his entrance into manhood. A boy leaves his childhood with this ritual, moves on to become a man, and follows the route of gaining knowledge. This rite is done before a guy gets married. Who can participate in the Bratabandha ceremony? The Bratabandha ceremony is a Hindu ritual performed by the boy's family. It is usually done early in the morning on the day of a specific date chosen by the family.

Nepali food item history

There is long term history of food iemts we get in Nepal ,I just love Nepali food.The Evolution of Nepalese Cuisine is a remarkable journey through a land rich in diversity and tradition. This culinary voyage reflects the intricate tapestry of Nepal's history, geography, and cultural amalgamation. At the heart of this evolution lies Nepalese cuisine history, a story that intertwines the ancient recipes passed down through generations with vibrant influences from neighbouring countries. The essence of traditional Nepali dishes stands as a testament to the nation's agricultural roots and rugged Himalayan lifestyle. Significant Himalayan food influence highlights the adaptation of local communities to the high-altitude terrain, creating hearty and energising meals. The Indian impact on Nepalese food and Tibetan influence on Nepalese cuisine further enrich this gastronomic narrative, introducing a variety of spices and techniques. As Nepal embraces the modern world, modern Nepalese cooking evolves, integrating global trends while honouring its rich heritage. This evolution is not just about food; it's a celebration of Nepal's ethnic diversity and its commitment to sustainable practices like organic farming. Each dish, spice, and cooking method unravels part of Nepal's soul, making the evolution of its cuisine a captivating chapter in the world's culinary history. History of Nepalese cuisine The history of Nepalese cuisine is a fascinating blend of indigenous practices, geographical influences, and cultural interactions. This rich culinary history can be traced back through several key stages: Ancient Foundations: The earliest form of Nepalese cuisine was heavily influenced by the geography and climate of the region. In the rugged Himalayas, the diet was primarily based on what the harsh environment could support. Staple foods included barley, millet, and buckwheat, as rice was not yet widely cultivated in the cooler climates. These grains were often turned into porridges or simple breads. Agricultural Developments: As agriculture developed, particularly in the more temperate regions, rice became more prominent. Along with rice, lentils and other vegetables became staples, leading to the creation of Dal Bhat (lentil soup served with rice), which is still a cornerstone of Nepali cuisine today. Cultural and Trade Influences: Nepal's location between India and Tibet meant that it was influenced by both cultures. From India, Nepalese cuisine adopted a variety of spices, such as cumin, coriander, and turmeric, which added complexity and flavour to the dishes. Tibetan influence introduced items like momo (dumplings) and thukpa (noodle soup). Newar Community Influence: The Newar community, indigenous to the Kathmandu Valley, has had a significant impact on Nepalese cuisine. They brought techniques of fermenting and pickling, essential for preserving food in times when fresh produce was scarce. Their cuisine is known for its variety and complexity, with dishes like Yomari (rice flour dumplings filled with sweet fillings). Royal Cuisine and Feasts: The Malla and Shah dynasties, which ruled Nepal for centuries, introduced a certain sophistication to Nepalese cuisine. Royal kitchens experimented with various ingredients and cooking methods, leading to a richer, more diverse culinary landscape. Ethnic Diversity: Nepal’s numerous ethnic groups, each with their own unique culinary traditions, have contributed to the country's gastronomic diversity. From the Sherpas of the Himalayas to the Tharus of the Terai lowlands, each community has its own distinct culinary identity. Modern Influences: In recent years, Nepalese cuisine has begun to reflect global influences. Urban areas, in particular, have seen a rise in fusion cuisine, blending traditional Nepalese dishes with international flavours and techniques. Globalisation and Tourism: The growth of tourism in Nepal has introduced international cuisines to the country and taken Nepalese cuisine to the world. This exchange has encouraged innovation and diversity in local food practices. The history of Nepalese cuisine is a story of adaptation, innovation, and fusion, reflecting the country's diverse cultural heritage and its dynamic interaction with its neighbours and the wider world. Traditional Nepalese Dishes Traditional Nepalese dishes reflect the country's diverse geography and cultural heritage, offering a variety of flavours that range from mild to very spicy, often accompanied by rice or lentil dishes. Here are some of the most iconic traditional dishes from Nepal: Dal Bhat Dal Bhat is a quintessential dish in Nepalese cuisine, revered not just as a staple diet but as a cultural emblem of Nepal. The phrase "Dal Bhat" literally translates to "lentil rice," signifying its two primary components: Dal (lentil soup) and Bhat (rice). This dish exemplifies the simplicity, nourishment, and comfort inherent in Nepalese cooking Components of Dal Bhat Dal (Lentil Soup): The dal is typically made from lentils or other pulses, cooked and seasoned with spices like turmeric, cumin, garlic, and ginger. Depending on the region and personal preferences, it can range from a thick stew to a more soup-like consistency. Bhat (Rice): The rice served is usually a simple steamed variety, acting as the perfect base to absorb the flavours of the dal and other accompaniments. Accompaniments Dal Bhat is often served with a variety of side dishes, enhancing its flavours and nutritional value. Tarkari (Vegetable Curry): A mix of seasonal vegetables cooked with spices. This can include anything from potatoes and cauliflower to green beans and carrots. Saag (leafy greens): spinach or other green leafy vegetables, often simply sautéed with garlic and cumin. Achar (Pickle): Various types of pickles, either spicy or tangy, made from vegetables or fruits, add a punch to the meal. Meat or Fish (Optional): In some households, dal bhat is accompanied by a portion of meat or fish curry, especially on special occasions. Papad (Crispy Lentil Wafers): Often served as a crunchy side. Cultural Significance: Dal Bhat holds a special place in Nepalese culture. It's not just a meal; it's a ritual, a comfort, and a symbol of hospitality. In many Nepalese homes, dal bhat is eaten twice a day, a testament to its fundamental role in the diet. Nutritional Value: Nutritionally, dal bhat is a well-rounded meal. The lentils provide protein and fibre, the rice is a source of carbohydrates, and the accompanying vegetables contribute vitamins and minerals. This balance makes it not only a staple but also a sustaining meal for people of all ages and occupations, from the cities to the high Himalayas. Dal Bhat is more than just a dish; it's a reflection of Nepalese culture and way of life. Its simplicity, versatility, and nutritional balance make it an enduring favourite, deeply ingrained in the heart of Nepal's culinary traditions. Momos Momos are a beloved culinary staple in Nepal, revered not only for their delicious taste but also as a symbol of cultural exchange and adaptation. These steamed dumplings have their roots in Tibetan cuisine but have been heartily embraced and adapted by the Nepalese people, making them an integral part of Nepal's food culture. Origin and Cultural Significance Tibetan Roots: Momos originally came from Tibet and were brought to Nepal by the Newar traders of the Kathmandu Valley, who historically had strong trade ties with Tibet. Cultural Integration: Over time, momos have been adapted to suit local Nepalese tastes, incorporating regional flavours and ingredients. Ingredients and Preparation Dough: The outer shell of a momo is made from a simple dough of white flour and water. Fillings: Traditionally, the fillings were meat-based, with minced yak or goat meat. However, in Nepal, chicken, buffalo, pork, and vegetable fillings have become popular. These fillings are often mixed with onions, garlic, ginger, and various spices. Cooking Method: The filled dumplings are then steamed, although they can also be fried or baked. Varieties and Accompaniments Types: There are many varieties of momos, including Kothey (half fried and half steamed), Jhol (served with a spicy soup), and C-Momo (coated with a spicy sauce). Accompaniments: Momos are typically served with a dipping sauce called achar, made from tomatoes, cilantro, and a mix of spices, which can range from mildly spicy to very hot. Social Aspect Ubiquitous Snack: Momos are a popular street food in Nepal, enjoyed by people of all backgrounds. They are also a common feature in restaurants and household gatherings. Social Food: Making momos is often a communal activity where family members gather to prepare the dumplings together, making it a social and familial bonding experience. Nutritional Aspect Balanced Meal: When served with a side of soup or salad, momos can provide a balanced mix of carbohydrates, protein, and vegetables. Global Popularity International Recognition: With the Nepalese diaspora, momos have gained popularity in many countries around the world, becoming a representative dish of Nepalese cuisine globally. Momos are not just a dish; they are a cultural phenomenon in Nepal, representing a fusion of traditions, communal bonding, and the joy of sharing a delicious and satisfying meal. They embody the essence of Nepalese hospitality and culinary ingenuity, making them a must-try for anyone exploring Nepalese cuisine. Dhido Dhido is a traditional and cherished food in Nepal, notable for its simplicity, nutritional value, and cultural significance. It's a staple dish, especially in rural areas and in the diets of many ethnic groups within the country. Dhido represents a crucial aspect of Nepal's culinary tradition, offering a glimpse into the country's agricultural practices and dietary preferences. What is Dhido? Basic Composition: Dhido is a thick porridge-like dish made by continuously stirring hot water with flour from various grains like millet, corn (maize), or buckwheat. In some regions, wheat flour is also used. Cooking Technique: The key to making good Dhido lies in its cooking technique, which involves constant stirring to avoid lumps and achieve the right consistency. Nutritional Value Rich in Nutrients: Dhido is high in dietary fibres and provides a good source of carbohydrates and essential minerals. Being gluten-free (when made with millet, corn, or buckwheat flour), it's also suitable for those with gluten intolerance. Health Benefits: As a low-fat, high-energy food, Dhido is particularly well-suited to the needs of people involved in physically demanding activities, which is common in many rural parts of Nepal. Cultural and Social Significance Cultural Staple: Dhido holds a special place in Nepalese culture, particularly among the rural population and various ethnic communities. It's often considered more satisfying and nutritious than rice or bread. Symbol of Simplicity: The dish is a symbol of a simple, sustainable lifestyle, deeply connected to the land and traditional farming practices. Accompaniments Served With: Dhido is typically eaten with lentil soup (dal), vegetable curries, pickles, and sometimes meat or fish. The accompaniments vary depending on the regional and seasonal availability of ingredients. Eating Method: Traditionally, Dhido is eaten with the hands. A small portion is rolled into a ball, dipped into the accompaniments, and then eaten. Regional Variations Diverse Preparations: While the basic method of preparing Dhido is similar across Nepal, there are regional variations in terms of the type of grain used, consistency, and the side dishes it is served with. Modern Relevance Enduring Popularity: Despite the increasing availability of rice and bread, dhido continues to be a preferred meal in many Nepalese households, especially in rural areas. Health and Sustainability: In recent times, there's been a growing appreciation for Dhido in urban areas as well, particularly among health-conscious individuals and those advocating for sustainable living. Dhido is more than just a meal; it's a part of Nepal's heritage. It encapsulates the essence of traditional Nepalese cuisine: nutritious, hearty, and deeply rooted in the country's agricultural practices and cultural ethos. Thukpa Thukpa is a traditional noodle soup that holds a special place in Nepalese cuisine and is particularly popular in the mountainous regions of the country. It is a dish that beautifully encapsulates the cultural and culinary influences of neighbouring Tibet, where it originated, and has been heartily embraced and adapted in Nepal. Origins and Cultural Significance Tibetan Roots: Thukpa originally came from Tibet and was introduced to Nepal by Tibetan immigrants and traders. Cultural Integration: In Nepal, Thukpa has been adapted to suit local tastes, becoming a staple in areas with Tibetan and Himalayan communities. Ingredients and Preparation Noodles: Thukpa is characterised by its use of hand-pulled, flat wheat noodles, which are hearty and filling. Broth: The soup is typically a clear broth, seasoned with local spices and herbs. The flavour profile can range from mild to very spicy. Meat and Vegetables: Commonly, the soup includes pieces of meat (such as chicken, mutton, or yak in the mountain regions) and a variety of vegetables like carrots, spinach, and onions. Varieties Regional Variations: There are several regional variations of Thukpa in Nepal, each with its own unique twist. Some versions are more heavily spiced than others, and the choice of vegetables and meats can vary. Vegetarian Options: While traditionally made with meat, vegetarian versions of Thukpa are also popular, especially in areas with Buddhist influences. Nutritional Value Balanced Meal: Thukpa is considered a balanced meal, with carbohydrates from the noodles, protein from the meat, and vitamins and minerals from the vegetables. It's particularly favoured in colder weather for its warming and nourishing properties. Social and Comfort Food Popular Street Food: In urban areas, Thukpa is a popular street food, loved for its comforting warmth and hearty nature. Homely Dish: In homes, Thukpa is often enjoyed as a comforting meal, bringing warmth and satisfaction, especially during the cold months. Modern Adaptations Global Appeal: With the Nepalese diaspora, Thukpa has gained popularity in many countries, appreciated for its rich flavors and comforting nature. Fusion Variations: In contemporary Nepalese cuisine, there are fusion variations of Thukpa, combining elements from other culinary traditions. Thukpa is a dish that not only offers a taste of Nepalese hospitality but also tells a story of cultural exchange and adaptation. It's a testament to the country's ability to embrace and assimilate influences while maintaining its unique culinary identity. Whether enjoyed in the bustling streets of Kathmandu or the serene mountains, Thukpa remains a beloved symbol of Nepal's rich gastronomic heritage. Nepalese street food and snacks Nepalese street food and snacks offer a vibrant and delicious insight into the country's rich culinary culture. These foods are not only tasty but also reflect the everyday life and diversity of Nepal. Here are some popular Nepalese street foods and snacks: Chatamari Chatamari is a beloved and iconic dish in the Newari cuisine of Nepal, often hailed as the 'Nepali Pizza'. This traditional delicacy from the Kathmandu Valley is celebrated for its unique flavour and versatility, making it a staple in both festive and everyday dining. Origin and Cultural Significance Newari Roots: Originating from the Newar community of the Kathmandu Valley, Chatamari is deeply rooted in Newari culture. It holds a significant place in their festivals, rituals, and celebrations. Cultural Integration: Chatamari has gained widespread popularity across Nepal, transcending its ethnic origins and becoming a cherished dish among various Nepalese communities. Ingredients and Preparation Base: The base of Chatamari is a thin crepe made from rice flour. The batter, consisting of rice flour and water, is spread thinly over a heated pan to create a crisp, pancake-like foundation. Toppings: Traditionally, toppings include minced meat (usually chicken, buffalo, or pork), chopped onions, green chilies, spices, and sometimes eggs. In vegetarian versions, finely chopped vegetables or paneer (cottage cheese) can be used. Cooking Technique Pan Cooking: Similar to making pancakes, chatamari is cooked on a flat pan or griddle. The batter is poured and spread thinly, followed by the addition of toppings. It's typically cooked on one side until the base is crisp and the toppings are well-cooked. Serving and Variations Serving: It can be served as an appetizer, snack, or main course and is often accompanied by various chutneys or achar. Variations: There are numerous modern variations of Chatamari, including adaptations with cheese, different types of meats, and an assortment of vegetables, catering to diverse palates. Nutritional Aspect Balanced Meal: Chatamari offers a good balance of carbohydrates, protein, and vegetables, making it a wholesome and satisfying meal option. Role in Nepalese Cuisine Festive and everyday food: While prominent on festive occasions and Newari feasts, chatamari has also become a common street food, loved for its quick preparation and delicious taste. Popularity in Urban Areas: In cities like Kathmandu, Chatamari is widely available in restaurants and street food stalls, reflecting its popularity and integration into urban Nepalese cuisine. Modern Popularity Global Reach: With the Nepalese diaspora, Chatamari has gained international recognition, introducing the flavors of Newari cuisine to a global audience. Chatamari is more than just a dish; it's a symbol of Newar heritage, a testament to the rich cultural tapestry of Nepal, and a beloved culinary tradition that continues to evolve and delight palates both within Nepal and around the world. Sel Roti Sel Roti is a distinctive and beloved traditional delicacy of Nepal, particularly cherished during festivals and celebrations. It holds a special place in the heart of Nepalese culinary culture, not only for its unique taste and texture but also for its cultural significance. Origin and Cultural Significance Cultural Staple: Predominantly associated with the Nepalese festivals of Dashain and Tihar, Sel Roti is an integral part of Nepalese festivities and is also enjoyed during weddings and other celebrations. Symbolic Dish: It's often seen as a symbol of goodwill and is commonly made in Nepalese homes during special occasions, symbolizing happiness, prosperity, and hospitality. Ingredients and Preparation Basic Ingredients: Sel Roti is made from rice flour, which is soaked overnight, ground into a fine paste, and then mixed with sugar, ghee (clarified butter), cardamom, and sometimes banana for added flavour. Unique Cooking Method: The batter is deep-fried in oil or ghee, but what makes Sel Roti unique is its ring shape, achieved by pouring the batter into hot oil in a circular motion using one's hands or a utensil. Texture and Taste Crispy and Sweet: The texture of Sel Roti is crispy on the outside and soft on the inside, with a sweet flavour that comes from the sugar and the aromatic hint of cardamom. Serving and Consumption Accompaniments: It can be eaten on its own or served with yoghurt, vegetable curries, or meat dishes. During festivities, it is often accompanied by other traditional foods. Breakfast and Snack: While predominantly a festive treat, Sel Roti is also enjoyed as a breakfast item or a snack in Nepal. Nutritional Aspect Energy-Rich: Being a deep-fried sweet bread, it is energy-dense, making it a filling snack or breakfast item. Cultural Exchange and Adaptation Adaptation Across Cultures: While it is a traditional Nepali dish, Sel Roti has found its way into the hearts and kitchens of various communities in Nepal, each adding their own unique twist to it. Global Reach: With the Nepalese diaspora, Sel Roti has also gained popularity in different parts of the world, introducing a taste of Nepalese tradition to a global audience. Sel Roti is not just a food item; it's a part of Nepal's cultural identity, a culinary art form passed down through generations. It epitomizes the spirit of Nepalese festivities and continues to be a beloved treat, relished by Nepalese people of all ages, both in Nepal and around the world. Jeri (or Jilebi) Jeri, also known as Jilebi in some regions, is a popular sweet treat in Nepal, known for its bright orange colour and coiled, pretzel-like shape. This deep-fried, sugary delight holds a special place in Nepalese cuisine and is often associated with celebrations and festive occasions. I just love food and if you love food please associate food with us.

Sirubari

As a villager of Sirubari I love this area.You must visit the place once,its my identity .The introduction of homestays in Sirubari sparked a wave of such projects around the nation. In addition to becoming the first model community homestay in Nepal, Sirubari also established this idea across South Asia. As the pioneer of homestays and rural tourism, Captain Rudraman Gurung was awarded the prestigious honour of Hero for Rural Tourism in 2067. His creative strategy entailed giving visitors an immersed experience by having them stay in the locals' houses and eat in their kitchens. Three years after rural tourism started in Sirubari, the hamlet was formally recognised as Nepal's first model tourism village in 2057. The government took notice of Sirubari's achievements and issued guidelines promoting rural tourism in 2065. The homestay even won a Gold Award for Heritage and Culture from the Pacific Asia Tourism Association (PATA) in 2001. After winning the Syangja district's election as a Member of Parliament in 2048, Rudraman continued his vigorous marketing and enhancement of the homestay experience. Unfortunately, the nation lost this pioneer of rural tourism in 2072. While Rudraman encouraged not only his community but the entire nation to embrace homestays, Sirubari will never forget him. The gastronomic landscape of Nepal has been greatly influenced by Rudraman's idea of homestays. The homestay concept helped traditional Nepali cuisines like maize, millet, dhido, roti, and gundruk acquire popularity. These traditional Nepali foods might still be mostly unknown today without homestays. Homestays are now the mainstay of rural tourism, giving communities job opportunities, encouraging self-sufficiency, and acting as a means of income. The 25-year journey of homestays has been a happy one for the people. Sirubari, located 1600 metres above sea level, enchants tourists with its vibrant culture and welcoming atmosphere. The greeting ritual for new guests is spectacular in every way. When tourists arrive, they are guaranteed to be greeted with flower garlands and the local music known as "Panchebaja." A leader who has been associated with the homestay from the beginning, Urmila Gurung, says that visitors feel really happy and satisfied when they arrive. Following the presentation of the village, teams of 5 to 10 people tour various homes. Traditional-style residences are proudly preserved by the homestays. Following a meal made using ingredients from the area, visitors can enjoy traditional dances and musical acts like Ghatu, Sorathi, Salaijo, Jhyaure, and Bhajan Chudka. Even visitors from abroad, who are unfamiliar with such a wide cultural diversity, are mesmerised by the energetic environment. Fried corn, mohi (a local beverage), local whisky, gundruk, soybean pickles, local chicken, goat meat, and dhido (a traditional meal made from millet or maize) are all part of the gracious greetings. Children do not have access to alcohol. The historic atmosphere, together with the tidy and well-kept homes, offer a much-needed break from the stresses of daily life. Urmila, also a daughter-in-law of Rudraman, proudly acknowledges the (Rajatjayanti) silver jubilee of their homestay and expresses concern about the recent increase in migration from Sirubari. Many Sirubari residents, especially those who served in the British or Indian Army and now receive pension benefits, have migrated to cities like Kathmandu and Pokhara. Since they are unable to earn, the locals in this area run the homestay as a pastime. Sirubari had 43 homes at first, of which 35 were used as homestays. All homes eventually started receiving visitors, but as a result of migration, only 20 households still do so now. The homestay recently held an extravagant event to mark its silver anniversary. The package prices have stayed reasonably priced for more than 25 years. A one-night package that cost Rs. 400 25 years ago has only climbed to Rs. 1400 today. All the while, the food's natural flavours have been kept. The Tourism Management Committee makes sure that visitors continue to enjoy the same authentic food. Homestays are widely available around the nation, with certain businesses charging premium rates. But visitors can enjoy a genuine homestay experience for a reasonable price. Although the surge of homestays across Nepal initially attracted a sizable number of tourists from Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, Australia, and other nations, tourist destinations have since become more diverse. Today, the bulk of visits are from within the country. Four routes on the Siddharth Highway can be used to get to Sirubari, which is located around 45 km from the well-known tourist destination of Pokhara: Nagdanda, Setikhola, Badkhola, and Helu. You can enjoy a lot with family.

Bala Chaturdashi 2024 novemeber 29

I have been very patient about this festival .We love it because there is the history behind the festival .Mom has been busy all day regarding this festival.The Festivals of Nepal: Everyone says Nepal is a beautiful garden of flowers and an open museum. We have many cases, cultures, and religions. So, Nepal is rich in cultural diversity. People live in the Himalayas, Hilly, and Terai regions from east to west. They celebrate many different festivals. Festivals in Nepal begin with religion and move with a blessed spirit into a pleasant family. We are providing a Mount Everest tour by helicopter during the festival to enjoy the views of the Mount Everest Himalayan range from Kathmandu.The day is also called satbij chharne din. A day before Bala Chaturdashi thousands of devotees used to campaign outside Pashupati Temple and other Shiva Temple . The day is also called satbij chharne din. Camping under the open sky or tents arranged by the Pashupati Area Development Trust, the bereaved ones observe penance, light oil lamps and keep themselves awake throughout the night, praying for the departed souls to rest in heaven a day before Bala Chaturdashi. Bala Chaturdashi or Satbij Charni Ausi is observed at Sleshmantak forest. Sleshmantak forest is situated to the other side across the Bagmati river by the Pashupatinath Temple. Bala Chaaturdshi falls on Marga Krishna Chaturdasi. It is during late November or early December in English calendar. Bala Chaturdashi or Satbij Charni Ausi is observed at Sleshmantak forest. Sleshmantak forest is situated to the other side across the Bagmati river by the Pashupatinath Temple. Bala Chaaturdshi falls on Marga Krishna Chaturdasi. It is during late November or early December in English calender. When is Bala Chaturdashi People from various places of Nepal and Hindus from other South Asian countries gather at Pashupatinath temple. Pashupati nath is the most sacred temple of lord Shiva situated at the bank of holy Bagmati River in Kathmandu. Bala Chaturdasi बाला चतुर्दशी सुवर्ण रक्तिका तुल्यं ब्रीहिमेकं परिक्षिपेत . मिर्गस्थालीं परिभ्रम्य पुनर्जन्म न बिध्यते पूज्यत्पशूपं देवं गुहेशीं परमेश्वोरीं वाशुकीं नागरजेन्द्रं तद्हीने पूजनं चरेत How do we observe Bala Chataurdashi We light traditional oil lamps (diyo) and recite mantras. We keep ourselves awake all night to ensure that the lamp keeps burning. We chant mantras, sing Bhajans and dance through night paying honor to Lord Shiva. The next day at daybreak we go to the holy Bagmati River for ritual bathing. Bagmati is considered to be the holiest river for all Nepali. Taking a dip three times into Bagmati River is considered a path to purification. Diyo After bathing in the Baghmati River pilgrims visits and worships almost all of the temples and idols in and around Pashupatinath as much they can. The devotees pass dropping the satbij, the mixture of seven sacred seeds in these temples and the 108 Shiva Linga present in the vicinity of Pashupatinath Temple. All walk through the same path followed for many years. It passes through Kailash forest and return back to the Pashupatinath temple. The end part of Satbij dropping ceremony is done for fun after long walk and rituals. Lord Ganesh’s idol present near the Bishwaroop temple is believed to be deaf; people shake him and scream and shout in the ear to wake him up. This adds a fun flavor to the whole ceremony. Why is Bala Chaturdashi Observed Seeds are dropped in remembrance of dead beloved ones. It is believed by performing Bala Chaturdashi rituals we can secure a better place in heaven for the dead relatives. It is also believed that this helps settle the restless souls of departed ones who were not properly burnt. This is true that when thousands of people pray for the same consideration, that will be fulfilled. Slesmantak forest, where the satbij is dropped is mentioned in Shiva Puran Mirgasthali as the place where lord Shiva dwelled as Deer. This place is hence considered a very sacred place and hence a drop of seed in this place is equal to a Ratti of gold (which is about 0.121 grams). Story Behind Bala Chaturdashi Bala Nanda, a trader, came to Arya Ghat (where people are cremated through burning), to attend funeral of one of his relatives. Bala Nanda sitting nearby and eating the ceremonial food, a small portion of the dead body popped out from the fire into his plate. He unknowingly swallowed flesh of dead body that fell into his plate. Soon he swallowed the flesh he transformed into a horrible demon having silver head. He became cannibal (man eating human meat). Bala Nanda suddenly grabbed out dead body from the fire and started eating it. People were terrified and ran away. Then onwards he is called Balsur. Asur meaning Demon. (Bala+Asur=Balasur). Arya Ghat then became the favorite place for Balasur. People were scared to go to Arya Ghat to cremate dead relatives. People pleaded then king to solve the problem. King assigned Brisha Singh, very good friend of Balasur to kill him. Brisha manage to kill Balasur by betrayal. Brisha felt guilty to deceive Bala. He went to meditation in the Sleshmantak Ban (forest) and enchanted Om and prayed to Lord Shiva for the rescue of his friend Balasur. Lord Shiva was pleased by his sincere affection for his friend. Lord Shiva helped in salvation of Balasur. Lord Shiva also told Brisha to scatter sat bij, or seven varieties of grain, on the holy grounds of the Shlesmantak forest to cleanse the sin of Balasur and to erase his own guilt for killing a friend. Mom has been preparing our trip to Pashupatinath and we are ready with the essential needs hope you are also in same process of visiting temple with family ,we have been casaully prepared for family trip to pashupatinath.

Drama

 The phenomena called either/all “drama,” “theatre,” “performance” occur among all the world's peoples and date back as far as historians, archeologists, and anthropologists can go. Evidence indicates that dancing, singing, wearing masks and/ or costumes, impersonating either other men, animals, or supernaturals, acting out stories, presenting time at time, isolating and preparing special places and/or times for these presentations, and individual or group preparations or rehearsals are coexistent with the human condition.From the philosophical roots and theories of tragedy, through its inextricable relationship with drama, to its impact upon post-dramatic forms, this is the definitive work in its field. Lehmann plots a course through the history of dramatic thought, taking in Aristotle, Plato, Seneca, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Lacan, Shakespeare, Schiller, Holderlin, Wagner, Maeterlinck, Yeats, Brecht, Kantor, Heiner Müller and Sarah Kane.

I have been watching dramas on youtube but real drama exists in our life as ritual and perfomances.These choreographic celebrations are not only performed to entertain spectators but also as part of the regular cult of supernatural deities. They are sacred events, suffused with religious significance. Plays adopt such a serious tone that participants become possessed by the deities they incarnate and are presented with various offerings throughout the drama. These performances, acted out in the open air, near temples, belong to pre-modern phases in the development of theatre, which is still dominated by religion and ethical values.They are ritually framed and include narration, music (drums, cymbals and long trumpets), dance, chants and ritual procedures performed in front of spectators and audiences. Their aesthetic qualities greatly contribute to the efficacy of the rituals. Indeed, the two functions, religious and aesthetical, overlap. The vision of the spectacle itself is a pious act.

As a resident of Nepal I have been observing all the activities of Dashai and Tihar in Nepal. Generally Dashain falls in late September to mid-October, right after the end of the monsoon season. It is “a day of Victory over Demons”. The Newars celebrate the festival as Mohani.Music and dance are an integral part of Nepalese culture, with a range of traditional genres and instruments being used in performances. Some of the most famous traditional music styles in Nepal include the classical Newari music, the devotional music of the Kathmandu Valley, and the Bhajan singing of rural areas. Traditional dance in Nepal is also rich and diverse, with styles ranging from the energetic and exuberant Charya dance to the more contemplative and graceful Kathak dance.

Traditional music and dance play an important role in Nepalese culture and society, reflecting the diverse religious, ethnic, and regional traditions of the country. Nepalese music is characterized by a rich variety of instruments, including drums, flutes, and stringed instruments, as well as vocal styles that range from classical to folk.

One of the most significant forms of traditional Nepalese music is "Dohori," which originated in rural areas and is characterized by fast-paced and improvisational songs that often involve witty exchanges between male and female singers. Another popular form of traditional music is "Lok Geet," which translates to "people's song" and is a genre of folk music that is closely tied to daily life and social events.

Traditional Nepalese dance is equally diverse, encompassing both religious and secular forms. The "Mask Dance," for example, is a religious dance performed during the festivals of Hinduism and Buddhism, while the "Jhankri Dance" is a secular dance that is performed by the shamanic communities of the country.

The traditional music and dance of Nepal are closely tied to religious rituals and celebrations, reflecting the deep connection between religious and cultural traditions in the country. For example, the "Dashain Festival" is a major Hindu festival that is celebrated with music, dance, and other cultural activities, and is an important expression of Nepalese identity and cultural heritage.

The influence of religion on Nepalese art, literature, music, and dance is undeniable. Hinduism and Buddhism have played a major role in shaping the cultural forms of Nepal, with religious themes and motifs being a common feature in paintings, sculptures, literature, and performance arts. For example, the Ramayana and Jatakas are religious texts that have inspired countless works of art and literature in Nepal, and devotional music and dance are an important part of religious celebrations and ceremonies.

Religion plays a crucial role in shaping the art, literature, music, and dance of Nepal. Hinduism and Buddhism have both had a profound influence on Nepalese culture and have shaped its traditional art forms in significant ways.

In terms of art, the intricate carvings found on temples and monuments in Nepal reflect the influence of Hinduism, which reveres the gods and goddesses of the Hindu pantheon. These carvings often depict scenes from Hindu mythology and are considered works of art in their own right